Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID) is a central public sector enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Power, Government of India. It is responsible for transmitting over 85% of India’s interstate and inter-regional electricity through its vast transmission network. Established in 1989, POWERGRID plays a crucial role in ensuring reliable and efficient power transmission across the country.
History
POWERGRID was incorporated on October 23, 1989, under the Companies Act, 1956, as the National Power Transmission Corporation Limited (NPTCL). In 1992, it was renamed Power Grid Corporation of India Limited and began commercial operations in 1993. Since its inception, POWERGRID has expanded significantly, developing a strong network of high-voltage transmission lines.
Operations and Infrastructure
POWERGRID operates a high-voltage transmission network covering the entire country. As of 2024, it has a network of:
More than 1,75,000 circuit kilometers of transmission lines
More than 270 substations
Transformation capacity of over 500,000 MVA
The company ensures seamless power transmission through its National Load Dispatch Centre (NLDC) and five Regional Load Dispatch Centres (RLDCs), which oversee grid stability.
Role in Power Sector
POWERGRID is instrumental in India's power sector reforms and has led several key initiatives, including:
One Nation, One Grid : Integration of regional grids into a unified national grid.
Green Energy Corridor : Facilitating renewable energy transmission.
Smart Grid Implementation : Deploying advanced monitoring and control technologies.
International Presence
POWERGRID has undertaken international projects in Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan, assisting in grid development and interconnectivity. It is also a part of initiatives like SAARC power grid integration and cross-border electricity trade.
Financial Performance
The company is listed on both the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). As of FY 2023-24, it reported:
Revenue : ₹45,000 crore (approx.)
Net Profit : ₹15,000 crore (approx.)
Market Capitalization : Over ₹2 lakh crore
Ownership and Governance
POWERGRID is a Maharatna CPSE, with the Government of India holding a majority stake. It is governed by a Board of Directors, led by a Chairman & Managing Director (CMD).
Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures
POWERGRID has multiple subsidiaries, including:
Power System Operation Corporation (POSOCO) – Managing grid operations.
POWERGRID Infrastructure Investment Trust (PGInvIT) – Monetizing transmission assets.
Various Joint Ventures (JVs) with state utilities and private firms.
Future Plans
POWERGRID is actively investing in:
Renewable energy integration for a cleaner power supply.
Expansion of the high-voltage transmission network.
International collaborations for cross-border grid connectivity.
Conclusion
As India's leading power transmission company, POWERGRID continues to play a vital role in ensuring a reliable, efficient, and sustainable electricity supply, supporting the country's economic and industrial growth.
Related Questions
1. What is Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID)?

Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID) is a central public sector enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Power, Government of India. It is responsible for transmitting over 85% of India’s interstate and inter-regional electricity through its extensive high-voltage transmission network.
2. When was POWERGRID established?

POWERGRID was incorporated on October 23, 1989, as National Power Transmission Corporation Limited (NPTCL). It was later renamed Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID) in 1992 and began commercial operations in 1993.
3. What is the primary function of POWERGRID?

POWERGRID is responsible for developing, operating, and maintaining India's high-voltage power transmission network. It ensures the smooth transmission of electricity across different regions of the country while maintaining grid stability and efficiency.
4. Is POWERGRID involved in international projects?

Yes, POWERGRID is actively involved in international projects in Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan. It plays a crucial role in cross-border power transmission and grid development in South Asia.
5. Where is POWERGRID listed in the stock market?

POWERGRID is listed on both the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE).
i6. Who owns POWERGRID?

POWERGRID is a Maharatna CPSE, with the Government of India holding a majority stake in the company.
7. How does POWERGRID contribute to India’s energy security?

POWERGRID plays a vital role in ensuring a reliable and efficient power transmission system, supporting India's economic and industrial growth by minimizing transmission losses, maintaining grid stability, and promoting renewable energy integration.